/* ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
   BYRON & THE GRID
   A citizens' guide — editorial broadsheet stylesheet.
   ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────── */

:root {
  /* paper & ink */
  --paper: #F4EFE4;
  --paper-warm: #EFE7D3;
  --paper-cool: #EBE4D6;
  --paper-shadow: #D8CFB8;
  --ink: #1A1814;
  --ink-2: #2E2A22;
  --ink-3: #4A443A;
  --ink-4: #6F685B;
  --ink-5: #948B7A;
  --rule: #C9BFA7;
  --rule-soft: #D8CFB8;

  /* accents */
  --teal: #1F4E5F;
  --teal-2: #2C6477;
  --teal-soft: #4D8899;
  --rust: #B64A1F;
  --rust-2: #CB632E;
  --leaf: #4D6B3E;

  /* type scale */
  --font-display: "Fraunces", "Playfair Display", Georgia, serif;
  --font-body: "Source Serif 4", "Source Serif Pro", Georgia, serif;
  --font-mono: "JetBrains Mono", "IBM Plex Mono", ui-monospace, monospace;

  /* spacing */
  --space-1: 0.25rem;
  --space-2: 0.5rem;
  --space-3: 0.75rem;
  --space-4: 1rem;
  --space-5: 1.5rem;
  --space-6: 2rem;
  --space-7: 3rem;
  --space-8: 4.5rem;
  --space-9: 7rem;
  --space-10: 10rem;

  /* widths */
  --measure: 68ch;
  --wrap: 1240px;
  --wrap-wide: 1400px;

  /* misc */
  --ease: cubic-bezier(.2,.6,.15,1);
}

/* ─────────────── base ─────────────── */
*,
*::before,
*::after { box-sizing: border-box; }

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  scroll-padding-top: 90px;
  -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;
  text-size-adjust: 100%;
}

html, body { height: 100%; }

body {
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  font-feature-settings: "kern" 1, "liga" 1, "onum" 1, "ss01" 1;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  -moz-osx-font-smoothing: grayscale;
  overflow-x: hidden;
}

/* paper texture overlay — stochastic grain via SVG noise */
.grain {
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  z-index: 1000;
  opacity: 0.42;
  mix-blend-mode: multiply;
  background-image: url("data:image/svg+xml;utf8,<svg xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg' width='260' height='260'><filter id='n'><feTurbulence type='fractalNoise' baseFrequency='0.9' numOctaves='2' stitchTiles='stitch'/><feColorMatrix values='0 0 0 0 0.1  0 0 0 0 0.09  0 0 0 0 0.08  0 0 0 0.35 0'/></filter><rect width='260' height='260' filter='url(%23n)'/></svg>");
}

/* soft vignette, barely there */
.vignette {
  position: fixed;
  inset: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  z-index: 999;
  background:
    radial-gradient(ellipse 140% 100% at 50% 0%, transparent 55%, rgba(26,24,20,0.04) 100%),
    radial-gradient(ellipse 140% 100% at 50% 100%, transparent 55%, rgba(26,24,20,0.06) 100%);
}

/* skip link */
.skip {
  position: absolute;
  left: -9999px;
  top: -9999px;
  background: var(--ink);
  color: var(--paper);
  padding: 10px 14px;
  z-index: 2000;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
}
.skip:focus { left: 12px; top: 12px; }

::selection { background: var(--ink); color: var(--paper); }

/* links */
a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: var(--rule);
  text-decoration-thickness: 1px;
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
  transition: text-decoration-color .2s var(--ease), color .2s var(--ease);
}
a:hover {
  text-decoration-color: var(--rust);
  color: var(--rust);
}

em { font-style: italic; }
strong { font-weight: 600; color: var(--ink); }

.mono {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
  font-feature-settings: "zero" 1, "tnum" 1;
  letter-spacing: 0.01em;
}

/* ─────────────── rules (decorative dividers) ─────────────── */
.rule {
  width: 100%;
  background: var(--ink);
}
.rule-thin { height: 1px; opacity: 0.82; }
.rule-thick { height: 4px; opacity: 0.92; }

.rule-stack {
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 3px;
  width: 100%;
}
.rule-stack.reversed {
  flex-direction: column-reverse;
}

/* ─────────────── top nav ─────────────── */
.topnav {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 500;
  background: color-mix(in oklab, var(--paper) 92%, transparent);
  backdrop-filter: saturate(1.2) blur(6px);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
  transition: box-shadow .3s var(--ease), background .3s var(--ease);
}
.topnav.scrolled {
  background: color-mix(in oklab, var(--paper) 97%, transparent);
  box-shadow: 0 10px 30px -22px rgba(26,24,20,0.25);
}

.topnav-inner {
  max-width: var(--wrap-wide);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 10px 28px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto 1fr auto;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 24px;
}

.topnav-brand {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 20px;
  font-weight: 500;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 48;
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--ink);
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 10px;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
}
.topnav-brand em {
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--rust);
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 72;
}
.topnav-brand .mono {
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--rust);
}

.topnav-links {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  display: flex;
  gap: 22px;
  justify-content: center;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}
.topnav-links a {
  text-decoration: none;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-3);
  position: relative;
  padding: 4px 2px;
  transition: color .2s var(--ease);
}
.topnav-links a::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 0;
  right: 0;
  bottom: -2px;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--ink);
  transform: scaleX(0);
  transform-origin: left;
  transition: transform .35s var(--ease);
}
.topnav-links a:hover,
.topnav-links a.active { color: var(--ink); }
.topnav-links a:hover::after,
.topnav-links a.active::after { transform: scaleX(1); }

.topnav-meta {
  font-size: 11px;
  color: var(--ink-4);
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  justify-self: end;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

@media (max-width: 880px) {
  .topnav-meta { display: none; }
  .topnav-inner { grid-template-columns: auto 1fr; padding: 10px 18px; }
  .topnav-links { gap: 14px; justify-content: flex-end; }
  .topnav-links li:nth-child(n+5) { display: none; }
}

/* ─────────────── masthead ─────────────── */
.masthead {
  max-width: var(--wrap);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 96px 48px 0;
  text-align: center;
  position: relative;
}

.masthead-topline {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 22px;
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: 0.3em;
  color: var(--ink-3);
  margin-bottom: 28px;
}
.masthead-ornament {
  color: var(--rust);
  font-size: 14px;
}
.masthead-topline-center {
  letter-spacing: 0.22em;
}

.rule-stack {
  margin: 14px 0;
}

.masthead-title {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 600;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 144, "SOFT" 0;
  font-size: clamp(72px, 13.5vw, 220px);
  line-height: 0.86;
  letter-spacing: -0.04em;
  margin: 28px 0 26px;
  color: var(--ink);
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: clamp(16px, 2.5vw, 40px);
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.masthead-word {
  display: inline-block;
}

.masthead-amp {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-style: italic;
  font-weight: 300;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 144;
  color: var(--rust);
  transform: translateY(-0.04em);
  font-size: 0.82em;
}

.masthead-subtitle {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-style: italic;
  font-weight: 300;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 48;
  font-size: clamp(19px, 2.1vw, 26px);
  line-height: 1.38;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  max-width: 820px;
  margin: 28px auto 22px;
  letter-spacing: -0.005em;
}

.masthead-dateline {
  display: flex;
  justify-content: center;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 18px;
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: 0.3em;
  color: var(--ink-3);
  margin-bottom: 32px;
}

.masthead-art {
  margin-top: 24px;
  overflow: hidden;
  position: relative;
}
.masthead-art svg {
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  max-height: 230px;
  display: block;
}

/* ─────────────── lede ─────────────── */
.lede {
  max-width: var(--wrap);
  margin: 56px auto 96px;
  padding: 0 48px;
}

.lede-inner {
  max-width: 860px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--ink);
  padding-top: 32px;
}

.lede-p {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: clamp(22px, 2.3vw, 30px);
  line-height: 1.42;
  font-weight: 400;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 48;
  letter-spacing: -0.008em;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin: 0 0 28px;
}

.lede-sub {
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 17px;
  line-height: 1.65;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  margin: 0 0 28px;
  padding: 18px 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

.lede-disclosure {
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: 0.18em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-4);
  text-align: center;
  margin-top: 16px;
}

/* ─────────────── drop cap ─────────────── */
.dropcap {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 144;
  font-size: 5.4em;
  line-height: 0.82;
  float: left;
  margin: 0.08em 12px -0.08em -2px;
  color: var(--rust);
  letter-spacing: -0.04em;
}

/* ─────────────── sections ─────────────── */
.article-section {
  max-width: var(--wrap);
  margin: 0 auto;
  padding: 84px 48px;
  position: relative;
}
.article-section.alt {
  background:
    linear-gradient(to bottom, transparent 0, var(--paper-warm) 120px, var(--paper-warm) calc(100% - 120px), transparent 100%);
  max-width: none;
  padding-left: max(48px, calc((100vw - var(--wrap)) / 2 + 48px));
  padding-right: max(48px, calc((100vw - var(--wrap)) / 2 + 48px));
}
.article-section.alt > * {
  max-width: var(--wrap);
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
}
.article-section.alt > *:first-child {
  margin-top: 0;
}

/* section header */
.section-header {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto 1fr;
  grid-template-rows: auto auto;
  column-gap: 28px;
  row-gap: 10px;
  align-items: baseline;
  margin-bottom: 64px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
  padding-bottom: 32px;
}

.section-number {
  grid-column: 1;
  grid-row: 1 / 3;
  font-size: 14px;
  letter-spacing: 0.18em;
  color: var(--rust);
  padding-top: 18px;
  border-right: 1px solid var(--rule);
  padding-right: 24px;
  align-self: stretch;
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
}

.section-title {
  grid-column: 2;
  grid-row: 1;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 96;
  font-size: clamp(38px, 5.2vw, 76px);
  line-height: 0.98;
  letter-spacing: -0.025em;
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.section-kicker {
  grid-column: 2;
  grid-row: 2;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-style: italic;
  font-weight: 300;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 36;
  font-size: clamp(17px, 1.6vw, 22px);
  line-height: 1.4;
  color: var(--ink-3);
  margin: 6px 0 0;
  max-width: 62ch;
}

@media (max-width: 680px) {
  .section-header {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 10px;
  }
  .section-number {
    grid-column: 1;
    grid-row: 1;
    border-right: none;
    border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
    padding: 0 0 12px;
  }
  .section-title { grid-column: 1; grid-row: 2; }
  .section-kicker { grid-column: 1; grid-row: 3; }
}

/* ─────────────── two-column editorial layout ─────────────── */
.two-col {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 320px;
  gap: 56px;
  align-items: start;
  margin-bottom: 40px;
}
@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .two-col {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: 32px;
  }
}

.col-body p {
  font-size: 17.5px;
  line-height: 1.72;
  margin: 0 0 1em;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  max-width: var(--measure);
  hanging-punctuation: first last;
}
.col-body p:first-child {
  margin-top: 0;
}

.prose-wide {
  max-width: 780px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}
.prose-wide p {
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.74;
  margin: 0 0 1.1em;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  hanging-punctuation: first last;
}

/* ─────────────── sidenote (right aside) ─────────────── */
.sidenote {
  background: var(--paper);
  border-top: 3px solid var(--ink);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
  padding: 20px 24px 22px;
  font-size: 15px;
  line-height: 1.58;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  box-shadow: 0 14px 40px -26px rgba(26,24,20,0.3);
  position: relative;
}
.article-section.alt .sidenote {
  background: var(--paper);
}

.sidenote-header {
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: 0.22em;
  color: var(--rust);
  margin-bottom: 14px;
  padding-bottom: 10px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

.sidenote p {
  margin: 0 0 0.9em;
  font-size: 15px;
}
.sidenote p:last-of-type { margin-bottom: 0; }

.sidenote-dl {
  margin: 0;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto 1fr;
  row-gap: 8px;
  column-gap: 16px;
}
.sidenote-dl dt {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-4);
  padding-top: 3px;
}
.sidenote-dl dd {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 15.5px;
  line-height: 1.35;
  color: var(--ink);
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 24;
  border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--rule);
  padding-bottom: 8px;
}
.sidenote-dl dd:last-of-type { border-bottom: none; }

.sidenote-foot,
.sidenote-footer {
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  color: var(--ink-4);
  margin-top: 14px;
  padding-top: 10px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
  font-style: normal;
}

/* ─────────────── pull quote ─────────────── */
.pullquote {
  max-width: 900px;
  margin: 60px auto 10px;
  padding: 48px 24px;
  text-align: center;
  position: relative;
}
.pullquote::before,
.pullquote::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  left: 50%;
  width: 80px;
  height: 1px;
  background: var(--rust);
  transform: translateX(-50%);
}
.pullquote::before { top: 0; }
.pullquote::after { bottom: 0; }

.pullquote blockquote {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-style: italic;
  font-weight: 400;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 96;
  font-size: clamp(24px, 3vw, 38px);
  line-height: 1.28;
  letter-spacing: -0.015em;
  color: var(--ink);
  quotes: "\201C" "\201D";
}

/* ─────────────── stat row ─────────────── */
.stat-row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(4, 1fr);
  gap: 0;
  margin: 56px 0;
  border-top: 3px solid var(--ink);
  border-bottom: 3px solid var(--ink);
  padding: 32px 0;
}
.stat {
  padding: 0 28px;
  border-right: 1px solid var(--rule);
}
.stat:last-child { border-right: none; }

.stat-num {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 96;
  font-size: clamp(34px, 4.5vw, 58px);
  line-height: 1;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin-bottom: 4px;
}

.stat-unit {
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: 0.2em;
  color: var(--rust);
  margin-bottom: 14px;
}

.stat-label {
  font-size: 14px;
  line-height: 1.5;
  color: var(--ink-3);
  font-style: italic;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 18;
}

@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .stat-row { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, 1fr); row-gap: 28px; }
  .stat { border-right: none; border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--rule); padding: 0 0 22px; }
  .stat:nth-child(2) { border-right: none; }
  .stat:nth-last-child(-n+2) { border-bottom: none; padding-bottom: 0; }
}

/* ─────────────── topic (subsection) ─────────────── */
.topic {
  margin: 84px 0 0;
  padding-top: 64px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
}
.topic:first-of-type {
  border-top: none;
  padding-top: 0;
  margin-top: 0;
}

.topic-header {
  margin-bottom: 40px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto 1fr;
  column-gap: 24px;
  row-gap: 4px;
  align-items: baseline;
}

.topic-index {
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: 0.28em;
  color: var(--rust);
  grid-row: 1 / 3;
  padding-top: 14px;
  align-self: flex-start;
}

.topic-title {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 72;
  font-size: clamp(30px, 3.6vw, 48px);
  line-height: 1.02;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  margin: 0;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.topic-dek {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-style: italic;
  font-weight: 300;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 24;
  font-size: 18px;
  line-height: 1.4;
  color: var(--ink-3);
  margin: 2px 0 0;
}

@media (max-width: 680px) {
  .topic-header { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .topic-index { grid-row: 1; padding-top: 0; }
}

/* ─────────────── charts ─────────────── */
.chart {
  margin: 56px 0 0;
  padding: 32px 0 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

.chart-caption {
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: 0.22em;
  color: var(--rust);
  margin-bottom: 24px;
}

.chart-note {
  font-size: 12px;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  color: var(--ink-4);
  margin-top: 22px;
  padding-top: 16px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
  font-style: normal;
  line-height: 1.55;
}
.chart-note em { color: var(--rust); font-style: normal; font-weight: 500; }

/* bar chart */
.bar-chart {
  display: grid;
  row-gap: 14px;
}

.bar-row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.3fr) minmax(0, 2fr) 90px;
  column-gap: 22px;
  align-items: center;
  padding: 6px 0;
}

.bar-row.highlight {
  background: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(182,74,31,0.06), transparent 80%);
  padding: 10px 10px 10px 10px;
  margin-left: -10px;
  margin-right: -10px;
  border-left: 3px solid var(--rust);
}
.bar-row.total {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--ink);
  padding-top: 16px;
  margin-top: 8px;
}

.bar-label {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 15px;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 18;
  color: var(--ink);
  line-height: 1.35;
  letter-spacing: -0.005em;
}
.bar-sub {
  display: block;
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  color: var(--ink-4);
  margin-top: 2px;
}

.bar-track {
  position: relative;
  height: 22px;
  background: var(--paper-shadow);
  border: 1px solid var(--rule);
  border-radius: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
}
.bar {
  height: 100%;
  background: var(--ink-2);
  width: 0;
  transition: width 1.2s cubic-bezier(.2,.8,.15,1);
  position: relative;
}
.bar-row.animated .bar {
  width: calc(var(--w) * 1);
}

.bar::after {
  content: "";
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background-image: repeating-linear-gradient(90deg,
    rgba(255,255,255,0.04) 0 4px,
    transparent 4px 8px);
  pointer-events: none;
}

.bar-accent { background: var(--rust); }
.bar-total { background: var(--teal); }

.bar-value {
  font-size: 14px;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  text-align: right;
  font-weight: 500;
}
.bar-row.highlight .bar-value { color: var(--rust); }
.bar-row.total .bar-value { color: var(--teal); font-size: 16px; }

@media (max-width: 780px) {
  .bar-row { grid-template-columns: 1fr auto; column-gap: 12px; }
  .bar-track { grid-column: 1 / -1; }
  .bar-label { grid-column: 1; }
  .bar-value { grid-column: 2; }
  .bar-row.highlight { padding-left: 10px; padding-right: 10px; }
}

/* decibel scale (reuses bar visuals) */
.db-scale {
  margin: 40px 0 8px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
  padding-top: 24px;
  display: grid;
  row-gap: 12px;
}
.db-scale-row {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 80px minmax(0, 2.5fr) 1fr;
  align-items: center;
  column-gap: 20px;
  padding: 6px 0;
}
.db-scale-row.highlight {
  background: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(182,74,31,0.07), transparent 85%);
  padding: 10px 10px;
  margin-left: -10px;
  margin-right: -10px;
  border-left: 3px solid var(--rust);
}
.db-label {
  font-size: 13px;
  color: var(--ink);
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
}
.db-bar {
  height: 8px;
  background: var(--ink-2);
  width: 0;
  transition: width 1.2s var(--ease);
  border-radius: 0;
}
.db-scale-row.animated .db-bar { width: calc(var(--w) * 1); }
.db-scale-row.highlight .db-bar { background: var(--rust); }
.db-desc {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-style: italic;
  font-size: 14px;
  color: var(--ink-3);
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 18;
}
.db-scale-row.highlight .db-desc { color: var(--ink); font-style: normal; font-weight: 500; }

@media (max-width: 680px) {
  .db-scale-row { grid-template-columns: 70px 1fr; row-gap: 4px; }
  .db-desc { grid-column: 1 / -1; font-size: 13px; padding-left: 0; }
  .db-bar { grid-column: 1 / -1; }
}

/* ─────────────── economic table ─────────────── */
.table-wrap {
  margin: 56px 0;
  border-top: 3px solid var(--ink);
  border-bottom: 3px solid var(--ink);
  padding: 28px 0;
}

.table-caption {
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: 0.22em;
  color: var(--rust);
  margin-bottom: 22px;
}

.econ-table {
  width: 100%;
  border-collapse: collapse;
}
.econ-table th,
.econ-table td {
  padding: 14px 10px;
  text-align: left;
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 15.5px;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
  vertical-align: top;
}
.econ-table th {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: 0.18em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-4);
  font-weight: 500;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--ink);
  padding-bottom: 12px;
}
.econ-table tr:last-child td { border-bottom: none; }
.econ-table tr:hover td { background: rgba(31,78,95,0.04); }

.econ-table td.mono { color: var(--teal); font-weight: 500; }

/* ─────────────── cards (three col) ─────────────── */
.three-col {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 28px;
  margin: 56px 0;
}
@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .three-col { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}

.card {
  background: var(--paper);
  border-top: 3px solid var(--ink);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
  padding: 26px 28px 28px;
  box-shadow: 0 18px 40px -30px rgba(26,24,20,0.3);
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}
.article-section.alt .card { background: var(--paper); }

.card-eyebrow {
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: 0.24em;
  color: var(--rust);
  margin-bottom: 18px;
}

.card-stat {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 96;
  font-size: clamp(42px, 4.4vw, 56px);
  line-height: 1;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  color: var(--ink);
}
.card-stat-label {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-style: italic;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 18;
  font-size: 14px;
  color: var(--ink-4);
  margin: 6px 0 18px;
  line-height: 1.4;
}

.card p {
  font-size: 15px;
  line-height: 1.62;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  margin: 0;
}

/* ─────────────── precedent cards ─────────────── */
.precedent-grid {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 0;
  margin: 56px 0;
  border-top: 3px solid var(--ink);
  border-bottom: 3px solid var(--ink);
}
@media (max-width: 900px) {
  .precedent-grid { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .precedent-card { border-right: none !important; border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule); }
  .precedent-card:last-child { border-bottom: none; }
}

.precedent-card {
  padding: 30px 30px 32px;
  border-right: 1px solid var(--rule);
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
}
.precedent-card:last-child { border-right: none; }

.precedent-dateline {
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: 0.24em;
  color: var(--rust);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
}

.precedent-title {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 48;
  font-size: clamp(24px, 2.6vw, 32px);
  line-height: 1.08;
  letter-spacing: -0.018em;
  margin: 0 0 22px;
  color: var(--ink);
}
.precedent-x {
  color: var(--rust);
  font-style: italic;
  font-weight: 300;
  padding: 0 0.1em;
}

.precedent-dl {
  margin: 0 0 20px;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto 1fr;
  column-gap: 16px;
  row-gap: 8px;
  padding-top: 16px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
}
.precedent-dl dt {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 10.5px;
  letter-spacing: 0.12em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--ink-4);
  padding-top: 3px;
}
.precedent-dl dd {
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: 14.5px;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  line-height: 1.4;
}
.precedent-dl dd.mono { color: var(--teal); font-weight: 500; }

.precedent-note {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-style: italic;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 18;
  font-size: 14.5px;
  line-height: 1.52;
  color: var(--ink-3);
  margin: auto 0 0;
  padding-top: 18px;
  border-top: 1px dotted var(--rule);
}

/* ─────────────── FAQ ─────────────── */
.faq-list {
  max-width: 900px;
  margin: 0 auto;
  border-top: 3px solid var(--ink);
  border-bottom: 3px solid var(--ink);
}

.faq-item {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
  padding: 0;
}
.faq-item:last-child { border-bottom: none; }

.faq-item summary {
  list-style: none;
  cursor: pointer;
  padding: 22px 0;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr auto;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 24px;
  transition: color .2s var(--ease);
}
.faq-item summary::-webkit-details-marker { display: none; }

.faq-q {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 36;
  font-size: clamp(18px, 1.9vw, 24px);
  line-height: 1.3;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  color: var(--ink);
}

.faq-toggle {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 22px;
  color: var(--rust);
  width: 32px;
  height: 32px;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  line-height: 1;
  transition: transform .3s var(--ease);
  font-weight: 300;
}
.faq-item[open] .faq-toggle {
  transform: rotate(45deg);
}

.faq-item summary:hover .faq-q { color: var(--rust); }

.faq-a {
  padding: 0 0 26px;
  max-width: 70ch;
}
.faq-a p {
  font-size: 16.5px;
  line-height: 1.7;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  margin: 0;
}

/* ─────────────── bibliography ─────────────── */
.bibliography {
  list-style: none;
  padding: 0;
  margin: 48px 0 0;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;
  gap: 18px 48px;
  counter-reset: bib;
}
@media (max-width: 820px) {
  .bibliography { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
}

.bibliography li {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: auto 1fr;
  column-gap: 18px;
  padding: 14px 0;
  border-bottom: 1px dotted var(--rule);
  font-size: 14.5px;
  line-height: 1.55;
  color: var(--ink-2);
}

.bib-num {
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  color: var(--rust);
  padding-top: 3px;
}

.bibliography em {
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--ink);
}

/* ─────────────── footer ─────────────── */
.site-footer {
  margin-top: 80px;
  padding: 56px 48px 42px;
  max-width: var(--wrap);
  margin-left: auto;
  margin-right: auto;
}

.footer-rules {
  margin-bottom: 44px;
}

.footer-inner {
  display: grid;
  gap: 48px;
}

.footer-brand {
  text-align: center;
}

.footer-wordmark {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: clamp(36px, 5vw, 64px);
  font-weight: 500;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 96;
  letter-spacing: -0.03em;
  color: var(--ink);
}
.footer-wordmark em {
  font-style: italic;
  color: var(--rust);
  font-weight: 300;
}

.footer-tag {
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: 0.22em;
  color: var(--ink-4);
  margin-top: 12px;
}

.footer-cols {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(3, 1fr);
  gap: 44px;
  padding-top: 40px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
}
@media (max-width: 780px) {
  .footer-cols { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 28px; }
}

.footer-col-title {
  font-size: 11px;
  letter-spacing: 0.24em;
  color: var(--rust);
  margin-bottom: 16px;
  padding-bottom: 10px;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--rule);
}

.footer-cols ul {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  display: grid;
  gap: 10px;
}
.footer-cols a {
  text-decoration: none;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 15px;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 18;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  transition: color .2s var(--ease);
}
.footer-cols a:hover { color: var(--rust); }
.footer-cols li {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 15px;
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 18;
  color: var(--ink-2);
  line-height: 1.4;
}

.footer-coda {
  padding-top: 32px;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--rule);
  text-align: center;
}
.footer-coda p {
  margin: 0 0 8px;
  font-size: 12px;
  color: var(--ink-4);
}
.footer-colophon {
  font-style: italic;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-variation-settings: "opsz" 14;
}

/* ─────────────── scroll reveal ─────────────── */
.reveal {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(14px);
  transition: opacity .9s var(--ease), transform .9s var(--ease);
  will-change: opacity, transform;
}
.reveal.in {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: translateY(0);
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .reveal { opacity: 1; transform: none; transition: none; }
  .bar, .db-bar { transition: none !important; }
}

/* staggered masthead reveal */
.masthead-topline,
.masthead-title,
.masthead-subtitle,
.masthead-dateline,
.masthead-art {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(8px);
  animation: fade-in-up .95s var(--ease) forwards;
}
.masthead-topline { animation-delay: 0.1s; }
.masthead-title   { animation-delay: 0.25s; transform: translateY(16px); }
.masthead-subtitle{ animation-delay: 0.55s; }
.masthead-dateline{ animation-delay: 0.75s; }
.masthead-art     { animation-delay: 0.9s; }

@keyframes fade-in-up {
  from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(12px); }
  to { opacity: 1; transform: translateY(0); }
}
@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .masthead-topline,
  .masthead-title,
  .masthead-subtitle,
  .masthead-dateline,
  .masthead-art { animation: none; opacity: 1; transform: none; }
}

/* ─────────────── small screens / responsive polish ─────────────── */
@media (max-width: 720px) {
  .masthead { padding: 72px 24px 0; }
  .lede { padding: 0 24px; margin: 40px auto 72px; }
  .article-section { padding: 64px 24px; }
  .article-section.alt {
    padding-left: 24px;
    padding-right: 24px;
  }
  .site-footer { padding: 44px 24px 32px; }
  .masthead-topline { gap: 12px; font-size: 10px; }
  .masthead-topline .masthead-topline-center { display: none; }
  .masthead-subtitle br { display: none; }
  .stat-row { padding: 20px 0; }
  .stat { padding: 8px 0; }
}

/* ─────────────── print ─────────────── */
@media print {
  .grain, .vignette, .topnav, .site-footer .footer-cols { display: none; }
  body { background: #fff; color: #000; font-size: 11pt; }
  .article-section, .lede, .masthead, .site-footer { max-width: 100%; padding: 20px 0; }
  .faq-item > .faq-a { max-height: none !important; display: block !important; padding-bottom: 12px; }
  .bar, .db-bar { width: calc(var(--w) * 1) !important; }
  .pullquote::before, .pullquote::after { background: #000; }
  a { color: inherit; text-decoration: none; }
}